These principles? Those essays are your best sources here. Strongly agreed or disagreed? How does the work reflect or react against Or did someone else write an essay like that with which the author either Did this author write something like that? Their own theories of literature and why they believe authors would write In return? Often, authors of fiction and poetry also write essays explaining Or authors influenced it? What other works or authors did it influence How is this work different from what came before it? What other works and help us define the larger category, and how can we tell? Work fit into broader categories of literature? Can it be characterizedīy a particular -ism such as Romanticism, Realism, Naturalism,Įxistentialism, Modernism, or Postmodernism? If so, how does it fit into Consider some of the following questions. Works. Authors respond to other authors positively, negatively, orīoth. Whatever else literary works respond, they also respond to other literary
This person should not be writing about the literary work). Ideas, whether it is written by the philosopher or by someone else (but The work, you also need to find at least one work that explains the philosophers How does the work demonstrate this?Ĭritical sources that explain the relationship between the work and philosophyĪre important here, but once you find out which philosopher(s) influenced To consider philosophicalĬontext, determine which philosophical trends the author admires, and Just as music, painting, and clothing do. In his or her own way, philosophy tends to develop trends and fashions Particular work? Since the world a literary work creates is lessĬomplex than reality, and absolutely did have a creator, you can moreĮasily ask what the nature of the work’s universe is, and what theĬharacters proper relationship to that universe should be.Īnd while everyone answers (or elects not to answer) the big questions How does the author attempt to answer these questions in this
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Included in the second category (ethics) are all questions of moralityĪnd behavior, pleasure and pain, fate and free will, kindness and cruelty, and anything else concerning human actions. Questions you can imagine by replacing the word universe with somethingĮlse (humanity, life, death, thought, love, God, nature, time, and so on). Or interested and whether benign, malefic, or indifferent, and any other
If it had a creator and, if so, whether he or she or it is still involved Meaning, if it ever didnt exist or if it will ever stop existing, (metaphysics) are secondary questions about whether it has a purpose or Proper response to the universe?” Included in the first category Is the nature of the universe? and What is the individuals That have captivated humanitys attention ever since we became prosperousĮnough to have the time and energy to think about them: What Her, and critical works that give close attention to the authorsĬontemporary authors consciously or subconsciously address the same questions Life and what influence did that life have on it? While exploringīiographical context, useful sources include biographies of the author,Īutobiographies or memoirs by the author or by people who knew him or On in the authors life? What personal circumstances, or specificĮvent, either at the time of composition or in the past, motivated theĪuthor to write it? In short, how does this work fit into the authors The circumstances under which a work was written. It come at the beginning of his or her career, in the middle, or at theĮnd? Had that career so far been successful or not? In someĬases, one book represents the entirety of the career. AuthorialĬontext connects a particular work to the authors life. The author is just reporting what he or she has witnessed. That the events or experiences he or she describes actually happened and That does not mean, however, that the author identifies with the mainĬharacter or even the narrator in a novel or the speaker in a poem, or Too), but their lives always influence their work in some way. To say that authors writeįrom their own experiences is an exaggeration (imagination is important,
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